Definition
Fourth-party logistics (4PL) is an advanced form of logistics outsourcing where a central organization, known as a lead logistics provider or 4PL provider, manages and integrates multiple third-party logistics (3PL) providers and supply chain partners on behalf of a client. 4PL providers offer strategic oversight, supply chain optimization, and coordination services to enhance visibility, efficiency, and collaboration across the entire supply chain network.
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Private Limited Company (Ltd)
A Private Limited Company (Ltd) is a type of company where the ownership is divided into shares held by a small number of shareholders. The liability of shareholders is limited to the amount unpaid on their shares, and the company’s shares cannot be traded publicly on the stock exchange.
Limited Liability Partnership (LLP)
A Limited Liability Partnership (LLP) is a business structure where partners have limited personal liability for the debts and obligations of the partnership. Each partner’s liability is limited to their investment in the LLP, and they are protected from the actions of other partners.